来自yufen的心灵小屋，先摘录在这里，我还会在CES Blog上写更多的想法：

作者借鉴了另一位学者Julio Olalla的研究成果，指出了我们学习过程中的诸多敌人：
1. 不能承认自己的无知。作者认为，（Our inability to admit that we don’t know.）“为了学习，我们必须让自己会说：‘我还不懂’”

2.什么都想弄明白的期望。（The desire for clarity all of the time.）而这样会使得我们不能进行我们查究(问题)的进程。(Like the inability to admit that we don’t know,this deprives us of the process of inquiry.)

3. 没把学习放在优先位置，——“我没有时间”（Lack of priority for learning – “I don’t have time.）作者认为这其实是我们不愿意承认那是我们没有把学习放在优先位置。（We fail to consider that this is a problem of assigning priorities—if we did we’d have to acknowledge our own responsibility.）

4. 不忘却。（ Inability to unlearn.）在学习新东西的时候往往要先忘掉那些会干扰自己学习的旧经验。作者认为，很多时候我们在面临新的情况时，总是简单地一再重复以往的经验，然后却沮丧地认为它们不行。Yet many times we confront new situations by simply repeating old actions over and over again, frustrated that they don’t work.作者认为，

5.忽视学习中情绪的维度。（Ignoring the emotional dimension of learning.）
学习需要我们对新现象保持一种开放的态度并且重构我们已经知道的问题。它还需要鼓励和信任。它还需要鼓励和信任。（Learning requires an opening to the new and a disposition to question what we already know. It also requires courage and trust.）

6. 把获得信息和学习混为一谈。（Confusing learning with acquiring information.）作者认为如今这种情况实在太普遍了。（Far too often today we confound having lots of data with learning—if we “know” some new bit of information we consider that we have learned something.）作者提出，学习一定与事实上的行为有关。（Learning has to do with effective action. ）

7. 不让他人来教我们。（ Not giving permission to others to teach us. ）作者认为，如果我们这样做，实际上就剥夺了自己学习的机会。（When we do not give a teacher permission to teach us, we rob ourselves of the opportunity to learn. ）

8. 缺乏信任。（ Lack of trust.）作者认为，其实学习是把自己引入一个未知的的领域，而信任我们的老师并且允许他们指导我们是到达学习目的地的唯一通道。（To learn is to introduce oneself to the unknown, into an action domain which in we accept not knowing. The only way we can get to our destination is to trust our teachers and allow them to guide us. ）当然，作者也提醒说，盲目相信谁都能教我们当然也是荒唐的。我们需要的是审慎的信任。（Yet blindly trusting someone to teach us can be folly. What is required is trust with prudence.）于是作者接着说，我们应当保留在任何时候收回我们的信任的选择权利。我们应当总给老师提供他/她值得我们信任的机会。（We reserve the option to withdraw our trust at any point during the process. We continually offer the teacher the opportunity to demonstrate that he or she worthy of our trust. ）
末了，作者总结说，作为领导，在一个不断变化的环境中，不管是一个项目组的组长还是一名CEO，也不论你所领导的行业是什么——商业，家庭，还是一个社区，快速学习的能力对我们的行动效率来说是非常关键的。（As a leader, no matter what level you are leading at, from project team leader to CEO, or what domain you are leading in—business, family, community—the ability to learn quickly is critical to effective action in a changing environment. ）

11:18, #, By isaac,
内容分类：沟通与交流, 课题研究